Prepositions of Time: in, on, at
A1Kata depan waktu: jam, hari, bulan
Dipakai saat menyebut waktu: at untuk jam, on untuk hari dan tanggal, in untuk bulan, tahun, dan bagian hari. Sebelum next, last, this, dan every, tidak perlu preposisi.
Coba buka kalender di HP-mu: jam rapat cuma satu titik di dalam kotak tanggal, jadi at 9:30. Kotak tanggalnya sendiri satu hari: on Monday, on 17 August. Satu halaman bulan berisi banyak kotak, dan setahun berisi banyak halaman: in May, in 2026. Jadi makin luas waktunya, preposisinya bergeser dari at ke on lalu ke in.
Rumus Prepositions of Time: in, on, at
| Bentuk | Rumus | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| at = jam & titik waktu | at + jam / noon / night / lunchtime | The meeting starts at 9:30.Rapatnya mulai jam 9.30. |
| on = hari & tanggal | on + Monday / 5 May / my birthday / Monday morning | The deadline is on Friday.Tenggatnya hari Jumat. |
| in = bulan, tahun, bagian hari | in + May / 2026 / the morning / the afternoon | Our new office opens in March.Kantor baru kami buka bulan Maret. |
| Tanpa preposisi | next / last / this / every + waktu · today / tomorrow / tonight | See you next week.Sampai ketemu minggu depan. |
| Kata tanya (Wh-) | What time …? → at + jam · When …? → on / in / at | What time is the call? — At three.Teleponnya jam berapa? — Jam tiga. |
Kata kunci yang sering muncul: at 9:30, at noon, at night, on Monday, on 17 August, in May, in 2026, in the morning, next week, every day
Dari sempit ke luas: at, on, in
Urutkan dari waktu yang paling sempit sampai paling luas, seperti zoom out di kalender:
- at → titik waktu (jam)
- on → satu hari (nama hari, tanggal, hari khusus)
- in → periode yang lebih panjang (bulan, tahun, musim) atau bagian hari
- I start work at eight.Saya mulai kerja jam delapan.
- We are closed on 17 August.Kami tutup tanggal 17 Agustus.
- The rainy season usually starts in November.Musim hujan biasanya mulai bulan November.
| Preposisi | Untuk | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| at | jam & titik waktu | at 9 a.m., at noon, at lunchtime, at night |
| on | hari, tanggal, hari khusus | on Monday, on 17 August, on my birthday, on Monday morning |
| in | bulan, tahun, musim, bagian hari | in May, in 2026, in the rainy season, in the morning, in the evening |
Ada satu pengecualian yang sering dipakai: at night, padahal in the morning / afternoon / evening. Kalau ada nama harinya, ikut hari: on Monday morning, bukan in Monday morning.
Menulis & membaca tanggal
Tanggal selalu pakai on. Gaya penulisannya ada dua:
- British English: on 5 May (dibaca on the fifth of May)
- American English: on May 5 (dibaca on May fifth)
Tahun dibaca per dua angka: 2026 = twenty twenty-six. Nama hari dan bulan selalu diawali huruf kapital: Monday, May.
| Ditulis | Dibaca |
|---|---|
| on 5 May (British) | on the fifth of May |
| on May 5 (American) | on May fifth |
| in 2026 | in twenty twenty-six |
| at 7:45 | at seven forty-five / at a quarter to eight |
Kesalahan umum: The event is in 25 March. → The event is on 25 March.
Begitu ada tanggalnya, pakai on. In hanya untuk bulan tanpa tanggal: in March.
Tanpa preposisi: next, last, this, every, today
Jangan pakai in/on/at sebelum next, last, this, every, dan sebelum today, tomorrow, yesterday, tonight.
- on next Monday ✗ → next Monday ✓
- in this week ✗ → this week ✓
- at every morning ✗ → every morning ✓
Dalam bahasa Indonesia resmi kita sering bilang "pada minggu depan". Di bahasa Inggris, "pada" itu dibuang.
- Let's meet next Tuesday.Ayo bertemu Selasa depan.
- I have three deadlines this week.Saya punya tiga tenggat minggu ini.
- The team has a short stand-up every morning.Tim mengadakan stand-up singkat setiap pagi.
Kesalahan umum: See you on next Monday. → See you next Monday.
Sudah ada next, jadi on dibuang. Begitu juga dengan last, this, dan every.
Kesalahan khas orang Indonesia & dua tambahan
"Pada" bisa dipakai untuk semua waktu, jadi preposisinya sering tertukar:
- in untuk hari: in Monday ✗ → on Monday ✓
- on untuk jam: on 3 o'clock ✗ → at 3 o'clock ✓
- I often work in the night ✗ → I often work at night ✓
Dua tambahan yang sering terpakai di kantor:
- in + durasi = "… lagi": The meeting starts in ten minutes. (sepuluh menit lagi)
- Akhir pekan: at the weekend (British) atau on the weekend (American). Dua-duanya benar.
Kesalahan umum: Our office closes on 5 p.m. on Fridays. → Our office closes at 5 p.m. on Fridays.
Jam pakai at, hari pakai on. Kalimat ini butuh keduanya.
Ingat!
- at + jam (titik): at 9:30, at noon, at night.
- on + hari dan tanggal (kotak di kalender): on Friday, on 17 August, on Monday morning.
- in + bulan, tahun, bagian hari: in May, in 2026, in the morning.
- Tanpa preposisi: next, last, this, every, today, tomorrow. See you next week.
- in + durasi = "… lagi": in ten minutes.
Contoh soal Prepositions of Time: in, on, at dan pembahasannya
1. The meeting starts ___ ten o'clock.
- in
- on
- at
Lihat jawaban
Jawaban: at
Ten o'clock itu jam, satu titik waktu. Jam selalu pakai at.
2. We don't work ___ Sundays.
- at
- on
- in
Lihat jawaban
Jawaban: on
Sundays nama hari, satu kotak di kalender. Hari pakai on.
3. Pilih kalimat yang benar.
- The deadline is next Friday.
- The deadline is on next Friday.
- The deadline is in next Friday.
- The deadline is at next Friday.
Lihat jawaban
Jawaban: The deadline is next Friday.
Begitu ada next, preposisinya dibuang: The deadline is next Friday.
4. Pilih kalimat yang benar.
- I have a call at Monday in 10 a.m.
- I have a call on Monday at 10 a.m.
- I have a call in Monday on 10 a.m.
- I have a call on Monday on 10 a.m.
Lihat jawaban
Jawaban: I have a call on Monday at 10 a.m.
Monday nama hari, jadi on. 10 a.m. itu jam, jadi at.
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