Have / Has
A1Punya, memiliki & "ada" acara
Dipakai untuk milik, keluarga, ciri fisik, sakit, dan jadwal, juga kegiatan seperti have lunch atau have a meeting. He/she/it pakai has. Negatif dan pertanyaan pakai don't/doesn't atau do/does, lalu have.
Anggap have itu isi tas dan kalender milikmu. Laptop di tasmu: I have a laptop, dan rapat jam sepuluh di kalendermu: I have a meeting at ten. Pilek yang sedang kamu bawa pun begitu: I have a cold. Jadi kalau "ada" artinya "saya punya" atau "jadwal saya", pakai have/has, bukan there is.
Rumus Have / Has
| Bentuk | Rumus | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| Kalimat positif (+) | I / you / we / they + have · he / she / it + has | She has two children.Dia punya dua anak. |
| Kalimat negatif (−) | S + don't / doesn't + have + O | He doesn't have a car.Dia tidak punya mobil. |
| Kalimat tanya (?) | Do / Does + S + have + O? | Do you have a minute?Ada waktu sebentar? |
| Jawaban singkat | Yes, S + do / does. · No, S + don't / doesn't. | Yes, I do. · No, she doesn't.Ya, ada. · Tidak. |
| British English (lisan) | S + have got / has got ('ve got / 's got) | I've got a question.Saya ada pertanyaan. |
| Kegiatan | have + breakfast / lunch / a meeting / a break | We have lunch at twelve.Kami makan siang jam dua belas. |
Kapan dipakai?
Have/has dipakai untuk banyak hal yang dalam bahasa Indonesia memakai kata "punya" atau "ada":
- Milik: I have a new laptop.
- Keluarga & teman: She has two sisters.
- Ciri fisik: He has short hair. (bukan He is short hair)
- Sakit: I have a headache. I have a cold.
- Jadwal & waktu: I have a meeting at ten. Do you have time?
- Our company has two hundred employees.Perusahaan kami punya dua ratus karyawan.
- I have a meeting with a client at two.Saya ada rapat dengan klien jam dua.
- Sorry, I have a bad cold today.Maaf, saya sedang pilek berat hari ini.
Banyak kalimat "ada" sebenarnya berarti "punya". Saya ada rapat jadi I have a meeting, dan Kamu ada waktu? jadi Do you have time?
Have atau has?
Has hanya untuk he, she, it dan satu orang atau benda (my boss, the office, Rina). Subject lain pakai have.
Untuk negatif dan pertanyaan, panggil do/does. Has itu ibarat have + -s, dan -s-nya sudah dipegang does. Jadi sesudah does/doesn't, yang tersisa have: tidak ada doesn't has.
- My manager has a meeting in Singapore.Manajer saya ada rapat di Singapura.
- We don't have a printer on this floor.Kami tidak punya printer di lantai ini.
- Does the hotel have a gym?Hotelnya punya gym?
| Subject | Positif | Negatif | Pertanyaan |
|---|---|---|---|
| I / you / we / they | have | don't have | Do … have? |
| he / she / it / satu orang | has | doesn't have | Does … have? |
Kesalahan umum: She doesn't has a laptop. → She doesn't have a laptop.
Sesudah doesn't atau does, selalu have. -s-nya sudah dipakai doesn't.
Have got (British English)
Orang Inggris dan Australia sering bilang have got / has got dengan arti yang sama, terutama saat ngobrol. Bentuknya hampir selalu disingkat: I've got, she's got. Di sini 's = has.
- Negatif: I haven't got / she hasn't got
- Pertanyaan: Have you got…? / Has she got…?
Have got hanya untuk milik dan keadaan, bukan kegiatan: I've got breakfast at seven ✗ → I have breakfast at seven ✓.
| Have (umum, semua negara) | Have got (British, lisan) |
|---|---|
| I have a question. | I've got a question. |
| She doesn't have a car. | She hasn't got a car. |
| Do you have a pen? | Have you got a pen? |
Kalau ragu, pakai have / has saja. Bentuk ini benar di mana pun.
Have untuk kegiatan: have lunch, have a meeting
Have juga dipakai untuk kegiatan. Di sini artinya bukan "punya":
- makan & minum: have breakfast, have lunch, have dinner, have coffee
- kegiatan kantor: have a meeting, have a call, have a break, have an interview
- ucapan: Have a good weekend! Have fun!
Kalau artinya kegiatan, have boleh diberi -ing: We are having a meeting now. Kalau artinya "punya", tidak boleh.
- We usually have lunch at the canteen.Kami biasanya makan siang di kantin.
- Let's have a short break.Ayo istirahat sebentar.
- Have a good weekend!Selamat berakhir pekan!
Kesalahan umum: I am having a new phone. → I have a new phone.
HP baru itu milik, bukan kegiatan, jadi tanpa -ing. Having hanya untuk kegiatan: I'm having lunch.
Kesalahan khas orang Indonesia
Kata "ada" dan "punya" kita pakai untuk banyak hal, jadi have sering nyasar ke tempat yang salah:
- Umur: I have 30 years ✗ → I am 30 (years old) ✓
- Ada di suatu tempat: In Bandung have many cafés ✗ → There are many cafés in Bandung ✓
- Lupa has: My boss have a car ✗ → My boss has a car ✓
Kesalahan umum: My son has five years. → My son is five years old.
Bahasa Inggris tidak "memiliki" umur. Pakai to be: My son is five years old.
Di toko atau restoran, tanya "ada…?" dengan Do you have…?: Do you have this in black?
Ingat!
- he/she/it dan satu orang/benda pakai has. Sisanya have.
- Negatif dan tanya: don't/doesn't have, Do/Does … have? Tidak pernah doesn't has.
- Have got (British) = have: I've got a question. Kalau ragu, pakai have.
- Have juga untuk kegiatan: have lunch, have a meeting, have a break.
- Umur pakai to be: I am 30. "Ada di suatu tempat" pakai there is/are.
Contoh soal Have / Has dan pembahasannya
1. My manager ___ two phones.
- has
- have
- is have
- having
Lihat jawaban
Jawaban: has
Manajermu satu orang, posisinya sama dengan he/she. Jadi has.
2. ___ your hotel have free breakfast?
- Do
- Has
- Does
- Is
Lihat jawaban
Jawaban: Does
Hotelnya satu benda (it), jadi pertanyaannya dibuka Does. Kata kerjanya tetap have.
3. Pilih pertanyaan British English yang benar.
- Do you got a pen?
- Have you get a pen?
- Are you got a pen?
- Have you got a pen?
Lihat jawaban
Jawaban: Have you got a pen?
Dalam bentuk have got, have yang maju ke depan: Have you got…? Tidak pakai do.
4. Pilih kalimat yang benar.
- I am having a new car.
- I have a new car.
- I has a new car.
- I am have a new car.
Lihat jawaban
Jawaban: I have a new car.
Mobil baru itu milik, bukan kegiatan. Jadi cukup I have, tanpa am dan tanpa -ing.
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